Antitrust, computed
Data and code in the hands of agencies and courts. 20 publications, from 2021 to 2025.
All 20 publications
Newest first2025
Computational Antitrust: Evidence From 25 Antitrust Agencies
This paper explores patterns from the Stanford Computational Antitrust project’s fourth annual report, which includes contributions from 25 agencies worldwide.
Lessons From Empirical Work on Market Dynamics
There have been many advances in the dynamics analysis of markets since the mid 1990’s; largely facilitated by prior developments in theory (both economic and econometric) and the increased availability of computer power (both…
Antitrust’s Forensic Tools
Most areas of law enforcement require investigative tools to provide evidence of violations and harm. Antitrust law’s single-minded focus on prices, output, and innovation explains its selection of economic tools.
The Vestager Years: A Data-Driven Assessment
Teresa Ribera assumed the role of EU Commissioner for Competition just a couple of weeks ago on December 1, 2024. As a new chapter in EU competition law begins, Janneke Parrish and I present an empirical analysis of Margrethe…
Rising Market Power: Evidence from Industry Studies
As an economist who does research in industrial organization (IO)—a field defined in part by its focus on market power—the emergence of evidence pointing to significant increases in market power among firms in the United States…
2024
From Theory to Practice: Computing ‘Innovation Competition’ in Antitrust
This short piece serves as an introduction to Thibault Schrepel & Teodora Groza’s working paper entitled “Computing Innovation Competition” available here.
A New Measure For GenAI Competition
This short article serves as an introduction to the working paper by Thibault Schrepel and Jason Potts entitled “Measuring the Openness of AI Foundation Models: Competition and Policy Implications”
Bridging Disciplinary Disconnects: The Role of Legal Experts in Legal NLP
The potential of Natural Language Processing (NLP) to transform the legal industry is increasingly undeniable. NLP can be used to reimagine legal search, improve legal reasoning and writing, answer legal questions, or extract…
Privacy or Antitrust First? Answering with Agent-Based Modeling
Legal scholars have long been interested in predicting the effects of new rules and standards. They have focused very little on the timing of regulation.
AI Regulation and 6G: The Measurement Ecosystem Challenge
William Lehr and Volker Stocker
Artificial intelligence (AI) and its economic impacts have been emerging over decades. Even though the public launch of OpenAI’s ChatGPT in November 2022 has caused a frenzy about generative AI that arguably prompted a surge in…
A Database of Antitrust Initiatives Targeting Generative AI
Antitrust agencies are increasingly interested in generative AI. This can be good news. As Sandy Pentland and I wrote last year, the competitive dynamics in this space can be supported by a careful antitrust agenda.
2023
Transparency by Design for Large Language Models
Alex ‘Sandy’ Pentland, Robert Mahari and Tobin South
Large Language Models – like ChatGPT, Bard, and Claude – are akin to modern day oracles: they provide impressively useful outputs without revealing their reasoning.
Looking at More Evidence in Antitrust
Competition policy builds on a simple idea. If much more business flows to those who offer better deals, as it does in markets that we call competitive, then society is significantly immunized from any actor’s incompetence or…
Justice in a Vacuum?
Alex ‘Sandy’ Pentland, Robert Mahari and Tobin South
From the Palaeolithic era until the mid-1800s, tally sticks represented an international system for recording debts. Debtors and creditors would break a piece of wood or bone in half, and the unique fracture memorialized the…
2022
VIDEOS: Computational Antitrust, Implementing Antitrust 3.0
I am pleased to be sharing 12 videos discussing how to implement computational antitrust, the challenges, and potential the field creates.
The Antitrust API
Computational antitrust promises not only to help antitrust agencies preside over increasingly complex and dynamic markets, but also to provide companies with the tools to assess and enforce compliance with antitrust laws.
Legal Dynamism
Alex ‘Sandy’ Pentland and Robert Mahari
Shortly after the start of the French Revolution, Thomas Jefferson wrote a now famous letter to James Madison. He argued that no society could make a perpetual constitution, or indeed a perpetual law, that binds future…
2021
Stanford CodeX Computational Antitrust first annual conference
I am thrilled to announce the very 1st edition of the Stanford CodeX Computational Antitrust Project annual conference. We have a fantastic lineup of speakers waiting for you to discuss antitrust 3.0.
New podcast: Stanford Computational Antitrust
I am thrilled to be introducing our new podcast. 🎙 Link: https://taplink.cc/stanfordcomputationalantitrust The Stanford Computational Antitrust podcast explores how computational tools impact antitrust analyses and procedures.
“Computational Antitrust”
I am pleased to be introducing the Computational Antitrust project at Stanford University’s CodeX Center (visit the website). The project gathers over 40 antitrust agencies and 30 scholars.