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Fall 2026Killers and keepersPublished 13 October 2026

Not All Network Effects Are Red Flags: A Simple Screen for Digital Vertical Mergers

Johannes Johnen Associate Professor of Economics, Université catholique de Louvain
Shiva Shekhar Associate Professor, Tilburg School of Economics and Management, Tilburg University

This paper proposes a simple yet useful framework for evaluating vertical mergers in digital markets by distinguishing between product-specific and ecosystem-specific network effects. Vis-à-vis no network effects, product-specific network effects amplify foreclosure and steering incentives, as a rival’s growth…

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Summer 2026

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The archive, 558 publications since 2012
  1. The “killer acquisition” hypothesis dominates debate on technology mergers, asking whether large firms buy startups to eliminate them. But the more revealing question is what acquirers keep.

  2. In innovation-driven markets, a market share records who is ahead; it does not reveal how hard that firm must work to remain ahead. A dominance assessment should therefore examine the incumbent’s innovation effort and the…

  3. Why this title? Among the gods of antiquity, Minerva has suffered a peculiar fate. Mars still lends his name to war, Venus to beauty and desire, Mercury to speed and commerce.

  4. The abuse of economic dependence has attracted renewed attention, largely as a result of the growing policy focus on fairness in digital markets.

  5. This paper assesses the European Commission’s draft Merger Guidelines against the treatment of efficiencies, the failing firm defence, and the counterfactual in the 2004 Horizontal Merger Guidelines and the 2008 Non-Horizontal…

  6. I consider legal decisions resulting in the end of the Federal Communications Commission’s net neutrality regulation. There is evidence that net neutrality regulation has diminished incentives to invest in internet access and…

  7. Antitrust Antidote: April-June 2026 Jeremy Kauffman, Jeremy Sandford, Nathan Wilson and Koren W. Wong-Ervin

    There were a number of significant decisions from April through June 2026, including: (1) the Eastern District of California’s preliminary injunction in In re Nexstar-Tegna Merger Litigation, requiring hold-separate relief…

Series and special issues

Each square is an entry, each tile is sized by its number of articles.

Reading suggestions

The papers and articles Thibault Schrepel enjoyed reading each month.

All months
  • September 2026
    • Article 102 guidelines
    • Killer acquisitions
    • Monopoly causation
    • Recursive self-improvement
    • The university after AI
  • August 2026
    • The EU digital rulebook
    • Superior bargaining power
    • Breakups
    • Agentic AI governance
    • Why Europe cannot scale
  • July 2026
    • The as-efficient competitor test
    • Draft EU merger guidelines
    • AI agent collusion
    • User innovation
    • Creative destruction

Editorial board

Creator and Editor-in-Chief
Thibault Schrepel, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and Stanford

Editorial Associate
Anouk van der Veer, Tilburg University

Content Editors
Faith Obafemi, University of Aveiro
Abdullah Yerebakan, Utrecht University

Anupam Chander, William E. Kovacic, Catalina Goanta, Daniel Crane, David Bosco, A. Douglas Melamed, Frédéric Jenny, Giovanni Dosi, Godefroy de Boiscuillé, Herbert Hovenkamp, Howard Shelanski, Jason Potts, Jonathan Barnett, Katherine J. Strandburg, Koren W. Wong-Ervin, Mariateresa Maggiolino, Michal Shur-Ofry, Nicolas Petit, Nuno Cunha Rodrigues, Pinar Akman, Randal C. Picker, Richard Langlois, Sofia Ranchordás, Thomas Nachbar, Volker Stocker.

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